Like other major infrastructure projects, newly built data centers are generally subject to requirements such as environmental impact assessments, social permits, and energy-efficiency standards. With over 4,000 AI-focused centers planned, critics have proposed stricter regulation of data centers, such as requiring them to generate their own onsite power, use recycled water or other water-efficient cooling technologies, establish formal community-benefit agreements or substantial community investments, and increasing taxes on their operation.

Industrial Policy is defined as the strategic effort by the state to encourage economic transformation by specifically advantaging what it deems to be high-potential sectors. 

Industrial Policy fell out of favor in the 1990s after the Washington Consensus, under which the International Monetary Fund (IMF) opposed tactics by states to control their own economic trajectory rather than letting market forces decide. 

Industrial Policy has seen a revival through policies like the US Inflation Reduction Act, the EU Chips Act, and Made in China Act.

A narrow system for university admissions refers to systems which evaluate relatively few criteria. They focus on grades and standardized tests as the main evaluation criteria for candidates. Examples include the A-Levels in the UK, and the Gaokao in China. 

In contrast, a holistic system aims to evaluate the entirety of a candidate's profile, and may look at background, motivation, a wider range of extracurriculars, as well as academic criteria, often through the form of personalized essays. The US is the primary example.

Personality-led journalism refers to the model in which journalists build audiences primarily around themselves through platforms such as podcasts and social media, rather than through established news organisations.